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The general file handling commands include file saving, file opening, file closing and printing of drawings. You are the required to navigate through the folders in the save in slot to select the folder in which you want to save your drawing.

Type in the file name and then click save. If you modify a drawing you may wish to save it again but retaining the original template. In this case select save as from the file pull down or the application menu. Give it a name that signifies its current status i. Click save. As with any Windows program, you can save it under its original name by click on the Save tool on the Quick Access toolbar or under a different name by choosing Save As from the Application menu, thereby creating a new file.

Some will require modifications at virtually every stage. Others involve a series of iterative stages before settling on the final copy.

In these circumstances, AutoCAD offers the required flexibility as opposed to manual drawing. To keep track of all the modifications, the Save As tool is very essential. A dialogue box appears asking whether to save the changes on the drawing. When a command prompts you for a point, you can use the mouse to specify a point, or you can enter a coordinate value at the command prompt.

If the dynamic input is switched you can enter coordinate values in tooltips near the cursor. Two-dimensional coordinates can be entered as either Cartesian X, Y or Polar coordinates.

In 2D, you specify points on the XY plane, also called the work plane. The X value of Cartesian coordinate specifies the horizontal distance, and the Y value specifies the vertical distance. The origin point 0, 0 indicates where the two axes meet.

Polar Coordinate System Polar coordinates use a distance and an angle to locate a point. Absolute and Relative Coordinates i. Absolute coordinates Represents a specific point in the current work plane relative to the origin point 0,0. To enter an absolute coordinate, type the values as a Cartesian coordinate X,Y or Polar coordinate distance, angle.

Relative coordinate A relative coordinate is a point specified with reference to the last point specified. We emphasize that it is with reference to your last specified point and not to the origin. This is the distinguishing aspect between relative and absolute coordinates. Dynamic Input When dynamic input is on, tooltips display information near the cursor as it moves.

It is called dynamic input because the information moving with the cursor is updated with the motion of the cursor. If you type the X value and press tab, the X field box displays a lock icon, The Y field is active and you can enter its value.

This procedure applies to any other set of fields for instance distance and angle. Overview When drawing in both 2D and 3D, you may wish to: a. Get a closer look magnify your drawing. View hidden details c. Bring the whole drawing into focus. View the hidden details of your 3D drawing. For a, b and c use the zoom and pan tools as follows: i. Zoom in to magnify and zoom out to minimize the size.

Zooming out enables you to see the details that are currently spilt out of the screen or make the object smaller in readiness to add details. The pan tool allows you to drag your drawing to a convenient location on the screen. For d use the orbit tool. It is the tool that enables you to view the objects in your drawing from different angles. It is very essential, when drawing in 3D. Accessing the tools A. Zoom a.

To zoom a view with a single click. Display a wheel. Right-click the wheel and click Steering Wheel Settings. Click OK.

Click the Zoom wedge. The magnification of the model is increased and you are zoomed in closer to the model. If you hold down the Shift key while clicking the Click Close to exit the wheel. To zoom a view in and out by dragging.

Click and hold down the Zoom wedge. The cursor changes to the Zoom cursor. Drag vertically to zoom in or out. Release the button on your mouse to return to the wheel. NB: The mouse wheel is a very convenient way of zooming in and out. Pan a. To pan the drawing with the pan tool. Click and hold the Pan wedge. The cursor changes to the Pan cursor. Drag to reposition the model. Release the button on your pointing device to return to the wheel. To pan using the middle mouse button or the mouse wheel.

Press and hold down the scroll wheel or middle button. Release the wheel or button on your mouse. Orbit i. Display one of the View Object or Full Navigation wheels. Click and hold down the Orbit wedge. The cursor changes to the Orbit cursor. Drag to rotate the model.

Release the button on your mouse. It is recommended that you save these settings to your drawing template files to reduce your setup time when you start a new drawing.

The Drawing Units dialog box is displayed. Enter -units at the Command prompt to display options. Think of it as the size of your drawing area. Then you can define drawing Type 0,0 as lower left corner then type or click the coordinate for upper right corner based on the units which is in Inches or mm. These devices invoke AutoCAD commands. What is a command? Whenever you invoke a command, by either typing it or selecting a menu option or tool, AutoCAD responds by presenting messages to you in the Command Window and the Dynamic Input display or by displaying a dialogue box.

By right clicking during the drawing process, a context-sensitive short cut menu is displayed; i. Command tools. Move the arrow cursor to the Line tool and rest it there. Do not click yet. Hold it there for a little while and then for a longer while. You will see two tool tips. April 6. Popular Files. Grewal Book Free Download April Verma Book Free Download February Dutta Free Downlaod August 5. Trending on EasyEngineering.

Jones Book Free Download July 1. November 7. June 8. Never Miss. Sponsored By. Sharing is Caring. About Welcome to EasyEngineering, One of the trusted educational blog. Get New Updates Email Alerts Enter your email address to subscribe to this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. G2 Curvature - The position, tangency, and curvature between the surfaces match. This indicates G2 position, tangency, and curvature continuity between the two surfaces. These points are connected by a series of line segments for visual clarity and to distinguish the control frame from fit points.

These points act as grips that can be dragged to reshape the object. Coons patch In 3D surface meshes, the bicubic surface one curved in the M direction and another in the N direction interpolated between four edges.

Also called X,Y,Z point filters. Coordinate systems come in various types such as geographic, projected, etc. A CS always specifies the units of measurement. Cross sections can be open or closed. A lofted solid or surface is drawn in the space between the cross sections. Contains plot styles and their characteristics defined by their color assignments. Pressing and releasing the Ctrl key cycles the behavior. For constrained geometry, Ctrl-cycling switches between enforcing and relaxing constraints.

A concentric circle drawn at its base denotes the margin of error in its location. Location sensors must be enabled to view the current position indicator. The curve passes through all vertices of the polyline and uses any tangent direction you specify. See also proxy object and object enabler. It consists of the control vertices and the lines that connect them in the U and V directions The hull sits outside of not on the surface.

For example, Latitude always precedes longitude. See also default value. Faces are lighted by two distant light sources that follow the viewpoint as you move around the model.

See also default. See also named objects. Definition points, also called defpoints , are stored on the reserved, non-plotting Defpoints layer.

For example, equations of degree 1 are linear, degree 2 are quadratic, and degree 3 are cubic. See also named object and symbol table. Design Coordinate System In the geolocation feature, an AutoCAD specific coordinate system that provides flexibility in choosing a different unit of measure, insertion point, and orientation than that specified by the coordinate system CS.

These posts are interactively shared online with designated colleagues and clients through Autodesk A This enables drawings to support design feed if they are saved in a local drive or folder rather than in your Autodesk A account.

DGN underlay See underlay. When the value of a dimensional constraint is changed, the constrained object resizes. The dimension text near this arc sometimes divides it into two arcs. See also angular dimension. Dockable windows include the command window, tool palettes, the Properties palette, and so on. ZOOM drawing folder The drive and folder path of the current drawing.

Any drawing file can be saved as a DWT file. See also initial environment. DSD For drawing set descriptions. A file format for saving a description of a drawing set that has been assembled using the Publish dialog box. DST For sheet set data.

The XML file format used to store the associations and information that define a sheet set. DWF An open, published, and secure file format developed by Autodesk, DWF enables you to combine and publish design data and share it with others.

DWF underlay See underlay. Generically referred to as DWF. DXF For drawing interchange format. An ASCII or binary file format of a drawing file for exporting drawings to other applications or for importing drawings from other applications.

See also parameter constraint and annotational constraint. You create an electronic drawing set by publishing drawings to a multi-sheet DWF file. See also link. It is often accessed by many users and is stored in a shared network location. The file is read-only to users to prevent the data in the file from being changed. An expanded panel contains additional tools and controls.

See also ribbon panel and ribbon. In the case of a block, the block definition is unchanged. The block reference is replaced by the components of the block. If the command line window is undocked, you can display this history by pressing F2 or by clicking the arrow at the right end of the Command Line window.

The extended command history contains the same information as the text screen, which can be displayed by entering TEXTSCR or by pressing F2 when the window is docked. See also extended prompt history. An external reference is a link to the referenced file. Smoothing a mesh object increases the number of facets. Feature control frames always contain at least a geometric characteristic symbol to indicate the type of control and a tolerance value to indicate the amount of acceptable variation.

When the field is updated, the latest value of the field is displayed. FILL filters See coordinate filters. Using a photon map to calculate global illumination can cause rendering artifacts such as dark corners and low-frequency variations in the lighting. You can reduce or eliminate these artifacts by turning on final gathering, which increases the number of rays used to calculate global illumination.

Final gathering can greatly increase rendering time. It is most useful for scenes with overall diffuse lighting, less useful for scenes with bright spots of indirect illumination. You turn on final gathering on the Advanced Render Settings palette. See also global illumination. See also interpolation points and approximation points. See also motion path. Objects on frozen layers are not displayed, regenerated, or plotted.

Freezing layers shortens regenerating time. G0, G1, G2 continuity See continuity. These include color, layer, linetype, linetype scale, plot style, lineweight, transparency, hyperlink, and thickness. Generic surfaces cannot be associative and they are created when associative analytic surfaces are separated or by using the BREP command.

The geographic marker is used as a reference point for all geographic location data in a drawing file. Examples include coincident, collinear, concentric, equal, fix, horizontal, parallel, perpendicular, tangent, and vertical constraints.

They are displayed when you select a 3D object. As light hits a colored object in the model, photons bounce to adjacent objects and tint them with the color of the original object. Gooch shading A type of shading that uses a transition from cool to warm colors rather than from dark to light.

The grid spacing is adjustable. The grid is never plotted. GRID See also grid limits. Also called drawing limits. After selecting the grip, you can edit the object by clicking or right-clicking the grip instead of entering commands. The ground plane displays with a color gradient between the ground horizon nearest to the horizon and the ground origin opposite the horizon.

See also sky and underground. An interface for developing peripheral device drivers for Autodesk products on Windows.

Home view A view that is saved with the drawing and is controlled with the ViewCube tool. The Home view is similar in concept to the default, initial view presented when a drawing is first opened. Illuminance In photometry, illuminance is the total luminous flux incident on a surface per unit area. See also template drawing. When the parameter values in a dynamic block reference match a row of input property values, the corresponding lookup property values in that table row are assigned to the block reference.

See also approximation points and fit points. Islands may be detected as part of the process of creating hatches, polylines, and regions. They show the shape of the surface as defined by the control vertices. AutoCAD uses the term isolines.